Fulton is a city in Bourbon County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 165. Fulton was originally kno…Fulton is a city in Bourbon County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 165. Fulton was originally known as Osaga, and under the latter name was founded in 1869. It was renamed to Fulton in 1878, after the city of Fulton, Illinois.