The repeal of two provisions will boost Social Security payments for certain beneficiaries, and will include back payments.

A key piece of legislation could expand Social Security for millions of Americans. Government employees and those entitled to pensions could see their benefits increase if this bill passes.

Passed in the waning hours of the current Congress more than a week ago, the Social Security Fairness Act landed at the White House on Friday. Decades in the making, senators voted 76-20 for the ...